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Surface structure and energetics of multiply twinned particles 

Author: L. D. Marks ab
Affiliations:   a Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, England
b Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, U.S.A.
DOI: 10.1080/01418618408233431
Published in: journal Philosophical Magazine A, Volume 49, Issue 1 July 1984 , pages 81 - 93
Formats available: PDF (English)
Now published as: Philosophical Magazine

The circumstances under which this title is published have changed:

Reason for change: Merged
Date of change: 2003

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Abstract

Experimental results from thermally annealed particles of silver and gold in the size range 10-50 nm show the presence of re-entrant surfaces on the decahedral multiply twinned particles (MTPs). A theoretical model is developed to explain these results based on the Wulff construction modified to include twin-boundaries. In addition to reproducing the re-entrant surfaces, the theory suggests that the total surface energy of the decahedral form is sandwiched between those of a single crystal and an icosahedral MTP. Consequently the stability of the decahedral particles (in a certain size range) relative to single crystals can now be explained. A useful perturbation modification is also outlined which enables qualitative comparisons of the surface energies to be made, and shows that the twin boundaries in MTPs limit the possible surface facets. Explicit shapes and energies are presented for two extreme models of the faceting. Finally, a model is outlined to justify the difference between the structures reported here and the more common decahedra and Icosahedra—the standard forms are artefacts of the growth process; they are not the thermodynamically most stable structures.
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