This paper focuses on the conceptual contribution Cabral made to the 'New Man' ideal, seen as the definition of a more humane and democratic citizen, capable of engaging in transformation from the reality of each historical context and engaged in the struggle against injustice. The author compares Cabral's key proposals on nation-class, culture, ethnicity and imperialism, with more traditional Marxist views and from the angle of their possible Europeocentrism. Cabral's originality, despite some contradictions, makes him a relevant contemporary reference.