The alkaline Zn/MnO₂ primary battery is one of the important aqueous electrolyte primary battery systems and has been widely and increasingly employed in consumer and industrial markets, since its commercialization in 1960. The total production volume of alkaline Zn-MnO₂ batteries approaches about 12 billion cells in 2001.1 The alkaline Zn/MnO₂ battery can be regarded as a variant and new development of the traditional Leclanche cell, which consists of Zn anode, MnO₂ cathode and aqueous NH₄Cl/ZnCl₂ electrolyte. There are several major changes in the alkaline Zn/MnO₂ battery when compared with the Leclanche cell, which include electrolyte (change from acidic to alkaline, typically, ∼30% concentrated KOH solution), the form of the cathode active material [change from chemical manganese dioxide (CMD) to manganese dioxide (EMD) with higher purity], the form of the anode active material (change from zinc foil to zinc powder with large surface area), and the cell structure,2-52, 3, 4, 5 As a result of these changes, the alkaline Zn/MnO₂ battery demonstrates a number of advantages over the Leclanche cell, which include higher energy density, higher rate capability, longer shelf life or lower shelf-discharge rate, better dimensional stability,and others. Although these advantages are gained at the expense of higher initial cost for battery manufacture, they make the alkaline battery an attractive power source to replace at least in part the Leclanche battery. Today, alkaline Zn/MnO₂ batteries are being widely employed for various consumer products and electronic devices, such as toys, camera flash, light flash, radios, portable audio and video devices, and others.