General Guidelines

Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics is concerned with the interaction between the study of speech and language on the one hand, and disorders of speech and language on the other. Submission of practical 'tutorial' reviews, and of more theoretical discussions are welcomed, either applying linguistic/phonetic analytic techniques to clinical problems, or showing how clinical data contribute to theoretical issues in linguistics/phonetics. Work is particularly encouraged in the less-developed areas of clinical linguistics such as clinical dialectology/sociolinguistics, childhood dysphasia, and disordered communication in bilingual and multicultural settings. Papers on language development, and other psycho- or neurolinguistic areas will be included, where they shed light on normative linguistic behaviour against which to judge the non-normal. Work in progress, readers' responses and review articles will also be published.

Contacting the Editors:

Martin J. Ball, Editor, Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, Department of Communicative, Disorders, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504-3170, USA.

Thomas W. Powell, Editor, Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, LSU Health Sciences Center, 3735 Blair Street, Shreveport, LA, 71103-4601, USA.

Nicole Mller, Editor, Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, Department of Communicative Disorders, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504-3170, USA

Submitting a paper to Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics

Please read these Guidelines with care and attention: failure to follow them may result in your paper being delayed. Note especially the referencing conventions used by Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics and the requirement for gender-, race-, and creed-inclusive language, and for adherence to the Ethics of Experimentation.

Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics considers all manuscripts at the Editor's discretion; and the Editor's decision is final.

Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics considers all manuscripts on condition they are the property (copyright) of the submitting author(s) and that copyright will be transferred to the journal Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics and Informa UK Ltd, if the paper is accepted.

Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics considers all manuscripts on the strict condition that they have been submitted only to Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, that they have not been published already, nor are they under consideration for publication, nor in press elsewhere. Authors who fail to adhere to this condition will be charged all costs which Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics incurs, and their papers will not be published.

• Please write clearly and concisely, stating your objectives clearly and defining your terms. Your arguments should be substantiated with well reasoned supporting evidence. Articles should normally be no longer than 7,000 words (including references).
• For all manuscripts, gender-, race-, and creed-inclusive language is mandatory.
• Ethics of Experimentation: Contributors are required to follow the procedures in force in their countries, which govern the ethics of work done with human subjects. The Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki) represents a minimal requirement.
• In writing your paper, you are encouraged to review articles in the area you are addressing which have been previously published in the journal, and where you feel appropriate, to reference them. This will enhance context, coherence, and continuity for our readers.
• Manuscripts should be compiled in the following order; title page; abstract; main text; acknowledgments; references; appendices (as appropriate); table with captions (on individual pages); figure captions (as a list).
• Abstracts are required for all papers submitted, they should not exceed 150 words and should precede the text of a paper.
• Authors should include telephone and fax numbers as well as e-mail addresses on the cover page of manuscripts. The title page should be designated as 'Title page (not for review)' on Manuscript Central.

Copyright permission

Contributors are required to secure permission for the reproduction of any figure, table, or extensive (more than fifty word) extract from the text, from a source which is copyrighted - or owned - by a party other than Informa UK Ltd or the contributor.

This applies both to direct reproduction or 'derivative reproduction' - when the contributor has created a new figure or table which derives substantially from a copyrighted source.

The following form of words can be used in seeking permission:

Dear [COPYRIGHT HOLDER]

I/we are preparing for publication an article entitled

[STATE TITLE]

to be published by Informa Healthcare in Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics.

I/we should be grateful if you would grant us permission to include the following materials:

[STATE FIGURE NUMBER AND ORIGINAL SOURCE]

We are requesting non-exclusive rights in this edition and in all forms. It is understood, of course, that full acknowledgement will be given to the source.

Please note that Informa Healthcare is a signatory of and respects the spirit of the STM Agreement regarding the free sharing and dissemination of scholarly information.

Your prompt consideration of this request would be greatly appreciated.

Yours faithfully

Contributors are required to follow the procedures in force in their countries, which govern the ethics of work done with human or animal subjects. The Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki) represents a minimal requirement.

When experimental animals are used, state the species, strain, number used, and other pertinent descriptive characteristics.

For human subjects or patients, describe their characteristics.

For human participants in a research survey, secure the consent for data and other material - verbatim quotations from interviews, etc. - to be used.

When describing surgical procedures on animals, identify the pre-anaesthetic and anaesthetic agents used and state the amount of concentration and the route and frequency of administration for each. The use of paralytic agents, such as curare or succinylcholine, is not an acceptable substitute for anaesthetics. For other invasive procedures on animals, report the analgesic or tranquilizing drugs used; if none were used, provide justification for such exclusion.

When reporting studies on unanaesthetized animals or on humans, indicate that the procedures followed were in accordance with institutional guidelines.

Specific permission for facial photographs of patients is required. A letter of consent must accompany the photographs of patients in which a possibility of identification exists. It is not sufficient to cover the eyes to mask identity.

Phonetic fonts

To ensure that phonetic fonts convert to pdf correctly, use the font DoulosSIL. This can be downloaded free of charge from www.sil.org. Fonts must also be embedded. To do this click Tools from the top menu bar, go to Options and select the Save tab. Tick the box to 'Embed TrueType Fonts' and click OK.

Authors are also asked to upload a pdf copy of their manuscript, designated as 'file not for review'. In the event that phonetic fonts do not convert properly, this will expedite the review process.

Mathematics

Special care should be taken with mathematical scripts, especially subscripts and superscripts and differentiation between the letter 'ell' and the figure one, and the letter 'oh 'and the figure zero. If your keyboard does not have the characters you need, it is preferable to use longhand, in which case it is important to differentiate between capital and small letters, K, k and x and other similar groups of letters. Special symbols should be highlighted in the text and explained in the margin. In some cases it is helpful to supply annotated lists of symbols for the guidance of the sub-editor and the typesetter, and/or a 'Nomenclature' section preceding the 'Introduction'.

For simple fractions in the text, the solidus / should be used instead of a horizontal line, care being taken to insert parentheses where necessary to avoid ambiguity, for example, I/(n-1). Exceptions are the proper fractions available as single type on a keyboard.

Full formulae or equations should be displayed, that is, written on a separate line. Horizontal lines are preferable to solidi.

The solidus is not generally used for units: ms ^{- 1} not m/s, but note electrons/s, counts/channel, etc.

Displayed equations referred to in the text should be numbered serially (1, 2, etc.) on the right hand side of the page. Short expressions not referred to by any number will usually be incorporated in the text.

Symbols should not be underlined to indicate fonts except for tensors, vectors and matrices, which are indicated with a wavy line in the manuscript (not with a straight arrow or arrow above) and rendered in heavy type in print: upright sans serif r (tensor), sloping serif r (vector) upright serif r (matrix).

Typographical requirements must be clearly indicated at their first occurrence, e.g. Greek, Roman, script, sans serif, bold, italic. Authors will be charged for corrections at proof stage resulting from a failure to do so.

Braces, brackets and parentheses are used in the order {[( )]}, except where mathematical convention dictates otherwise (i.e. square brackets for commutators and anticommutators)

Notes on style

All authors are asked to take account of the diverse audience of Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics . Clearly explain or avoid the use of terms that might be meaningful only to a local or national audience. However, note also that Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics does not aspire to be international in the ways that McDonald's restaurants or Hilton Hotels are 'international'; we much prefer papers that, where appropriate, reflect the particularities of each higher education system.

Some specific points of style for the text of articles, research reports, case studies, reports, essay reviews, and reviews follow:

1. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics prefers US to 'American', USA to 'United States', and UK to 'United Kingdom'.

2 . Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics uses conservative British, not US, spelling, i.e. colour not color; behaviour (behavioural) not behavior; [school] programme not program; [he] practises not practices; centre not center; organization not organisation; analyse not analyze, etc.

3. Single 'quotes' are used for quotations rather than double "quotes", unless the 'quote is "within" another quote'.

4. Punctuation should follow the British style, e.g. 'quotes precede punctuation'.

5. Punctuation of common abbreviations should follow the following conventions: e.g. i.e. cf. Note that such abbreviations are not followed by a comma or a (double) point/period.

6. Dashes: M-dash should be clearly indicated in manuscripts by way of either a clear dash ( - ) or a triple hyphen (---), N-dash should be indicated by a clear dash (-) or a double hyphen (--).

7. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics is sparing in its use of the upper case in headings and references, e.g. only the first word in paper titles and all subheads is in upper case; titles of papers from journals in the references and other places are not in upper case.

8. Apostrophes should be used sparingly. Thus, decades should be referred to as follows: 'The 1980s [not the 1980's] saw ...'. Possessives associated with acronyms (e.g. APU), should be written as follows: 'The APU's findings that ...', but, NB, the plural is APUs.

9. All acronyms for national agencies, examinations, etc., should be spelled out the first time they are introduced in text or references. Thereafter the acronym can be used if appropriate, e.g. 'The work of the Assessment of Performance Unit (APU) in the early 1980s ...'. Subsequently, 'The APU studies of achievement ...', in a reference ... (Department of Education and Science [DES] 1989a).

10. Brief biographical details of significant national figures should be outlined in the text unless it is quite clear that the person concerned would be known internationally. Some suggested editorial emendations to a typical text are indicated in the following with square brackets: 'From the time of H. E. Armstrong [in the 19th century] to the curriculum development work associated with the Nuffield Foundation [in the 1960s], there has been a shift from heurism to constructivism in the design of [British] science courses'.  

11. The preferred local (national) usage for ethnic and other minorities should be used in all papers. For the USA, African-American, Hispanic, and Native American are used, e.g. 'The African American presidential candidate, Jesse Jackson...' For the UK, African-Caribbean (not 'West Indian'), etc.

12. Material to be emphasized (italicized in the printed version) should be underlined in the typescript rather than italicized. Please use such emphasis sparingly.

13. n (not N), % (not per cent) should be used in typescripts.

14. Numbers in text should take the following forms: 300, 3000, 30 000. Spell out numbers under 10 unless used with a unit of measure, e.g. nine pupils but 9 mm (do not introduce periods with measure). For decimals, use the form 0.05 (not .05).

15. When using a word which is or is asserted to be a proprietary term or trade mark authors' must use the symbol ® or TM or alternatively a footnote can be inserted using the wording below:

This article includes a word which is or is asserted to be a proprietary term or trade mark. Its inclusion does not imply it has acquired for legal purposes a non-proprietary or general significance, nor is any other judgement implied concerning its legal status.

16. All phonetic transcriptions should make use of the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) as most recently revised, or the Extensions to the IPA for the transcription of disordered speech. Authors should take care in the use of the appropriate brackets (square or slant) for the level of transcription being used (i.e. phonetic or phonemic).

Notes on tables and figures

Artwork submitted for publication will not be returned and will be destroyed after publication, unless you request otherwise. Whilst every care is taken of artwork, neither the Editor nor Informa Healthcare shall bear any responsibility or liability for non-return, loss, or damage of artwork, nor for any associated costs or compensation. You are strongly advised to insure appropriately.

The same data should not be reproduced in both tables and figures. The usual statistical conventions should be used: a value written 10.0 ± 0.25 indicates the estimate for a statistic (e.g. a mean) followed by its standard error. A mean with an estimate of the standard deviation will be written 10.0 SD 2.65. Contributors reporting ages of subjects should specify carefully the age groupings: a group of children of ages e.g. 4.0 to 4.99 years may be designated 4 +; a group aged 3.50 to 4.49 years 4 ± and a group all precisely 4.0 years, 4.0.

1. Tables and figures should be referred to in text as follows: figure 1, table 1, i.e. lower case. 'As seen in table [or figure] 1 ...' (not Tab., fig. or Fig).

2. The place at which a table or figure is to be inserted in the printed text should be indicated clearly on a manuscript:

Insert table 2 about here

3. Each table and/or figure must have a title that explains its purpose without reference to the text.

4. All figures and tables must be on separate sheets and not embedded in the text.

Thus tables and figures must be referred to in the text and numbered in order of appearance. Each table should have a descriptive title and each column an appropriate heading. For all figures, digital images should be supplied. The legends to any illustrations must be typed separately following the text and should be grouped together.

Acknowledgements

Any acknowledgements authors wish to make should be included in a separate headed section at the end of the manuscript.

Book reviews

1. The following header material should appear in all reviews in the following order (note also the punctuation):

Ashman, A. and Conway, R., 1997, An Introduction to Cognitive Education (London: Routledge). [Pp. 268.] Hdbk ISBN 0-415-12840-4. 13.99.

2. Page references within reviews should be given as follows: (p. 337) or (pp. 36-37).

Citations in text

1. Ibid. (and the like) are not used when repeating citations. Simply repeat the original citation verbatim, e.g. (Orwell, 1945).

2. Citations should be included in prefatory material to quotes (wherever possible) rather than placing them at the end. Thus, for example, 'Orwell (1945: 23) reduces the principles of animalism to seven commandments, namely, ...' is preferred to 'Orwell reduced the principles of animalism to seven commandments, namely, ... (Orwell, 1945: 23)'.

3. Multiple citations within parentheses should be divided by a semi-colon, not a comma, and there should be no use of '&' within such multiple references. References to works published in the same year should be cited as, e.g. (Smith, 1991a; b).

4. Multiple citations within a text should be ordered by date, not alphabetically by author's name, e.g. (Smith, 1902; Jones and Bower, 1934; Brown, 1955; 1958a; b; Green 1995).

5. et al. may be used in citations within the text when a paper or book has three or more authors and is cited more than once, but note that all names are given in the reference itself and in that references original citation.

6. Page spans in references should be given in full, e.g. 'Sedgewick (1935: 102-103; emphasis added) outlines them as follows:'

Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics uses the following conventions for references:

Style, statistical reporting, and reference citations should conform to the American Psychological Association's guidelines, from the APA Publication Manual, fifth edition.

To conform with the APA Publication Manual, fifth edition, references should be alphabetized at the end of the manuscript text, in the following formats:

Kozlowski, L. T., Henningfield, J. E., & Brigham, J. (2001). Cigarettes, nicotine, and health. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Weinstein, N. (2001). Smokers' recognition of their vulnerability to harm. In P. Slovic (Ed.), Smoking: Risk, perception, & policy (pp. 81-96). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Perkins, K. A., Donny, E., & Caggiula, A. R. (1999). Sex differences in nicotine effects and self-administration: review of human and animal evidence. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 1, 301-315.

Electronic Processing

1. A guide for authors using standard word-processing software packages

For the main text of your article, most standard PC or Mac word-processing software packages are acceptable, although we prefer Microsoft Word in a PC format.

Word-processed files should be prepared according to the journal style.

Avoid the use of embedded footnotes. For numbered tables, use the table function provided with the word-processing package.

All text should be saved in one file with the complete text (including the abstract, all sections of the body of the paper, references), followed by numbered tables and the figure captions. A separate title page, including the title of the paper, the full names of the authors, their affiliations and addresses, the name and full postal address of the author to whom correspondence and reprint requests are to be sent, a running title and three to five keywords, should also be uploaded.  

2. A guide for authors using LaTeX mathematical software packages

Authors who wish to prepare their articles using the LaTeX document preparation system are advised to use article.sty (for LaTex 2.09) or article.cls (for LaTex2e).

The use of macros should be kept to an absolute minimum but if any are used they should be gathered together in the file, just before the \begin{document} command

Articles prepared using LaTeX should be converted to PDF documents (incorporating the illustrations) and these should be submitted online in addition to the associated LaTeX source and graphics files.

The files you send must be text-only (often called an ASCII file), with no system-dependent control codes.

3. A guide for authors using graphics software packages

We welcome figures on disk, but care and attention to these guidelines is essential, as importing graphics packages can often be problematic.

1. Figures must be saved separately from the text.
2. Avoid the use of colour and tints for aesthetic reasons. Figures should be produced as near to the finished size as possible. If using greyscale, ensure the different shades are readily distinguishable when printed
3. High quality digital images (minimum of 500 dpi) must be supplied.
4. All figures must be numbered in the order in which they occur (e.g. figure 1, figure 2 etc.). In multi-part figures, each part should be labelled (e.g. figure 1 (a), figure 1 (b) etc.)
5. The figure captions must be saved as a separate file with the text and numbered correspondingly.
6. The filename for the graphic should be descriptive of the graphic e.g. Figure1, Figure2a.
7. Files should be saved as TIFF (tagged image file format), PostScript or EPS (encapsulated PostScript), containing all the necessary font information and the source file of the application (e.g., CorelDraw/Mac, CorelDraw/PC).

a. Any figure submitted as a colour original will appear in colour in the journal's online edition free of charge and can be downloaded.
b. Paper copy colour reproduction will only be considered on condition that authors contribute to the associated costs. Charges are: 500/US$1030 for the first colour page and 250/US$515 for each colour page after per article. (Colour costs will be waived for invited Review Articles.)

Offprints and Reprints

Offprints and reprints of articles published in Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics can be obtained through Rightslink®. Please contact the Reprints Administrator Sherry Howard at reprints@tandf.co.uk to obtain a quotation or to place an order. Copies of the Journal can be purchased separately at the author's preferential rate of 15.00/$25.00 per copy.