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References: All publications cited in the text should be listed following the text; similarly all references listed must be mentioned in the text. Style, statistical reporting, and reference citations should conform to the American Psychological Association's guidelines, from the APA Publication Manual, fifth edition.
Within the text references should be indicated by the author's name and year of publication in parentheses, e.g., (Tones, 1996) or (Wilson & Styles, 1990), or if there are more than two authors (Power et al., 1996). Where several references are quoted consecutively within the text the order should be alphabetical. If more than one paper from the same author(s) and year are listed, the date should be followed by (a), (b), etc., e.g., (Plant, 1990a).
To conform with APA style, references should be alphabetized at the end of the manuscript text, in the following formats:
Kozlowski, L. T., Henningfield, J. E., & Brigham, J. (2001). Cigarettes, nicotine, and health. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Weinstein, N. (2001). Smokers' recognition of their vulnerability to harm. In P. Slovic (Ed.), Smoking: Risk, perception, & policy (pp. 81-96). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Perkins, K. A., Donny, E., & Caggiula, A. R. (1999). Sex differences in nicotine effects and self-administration: review of human and animal evidence. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 1, 301-315.
Further examples are available in the APA style manual, fifth edition, or online at: www.apastyle.org/elecref.html
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